Buda Castle Buda Castle, Budapest
One of the iconic Hungarian national symbols is a tiny flag made into a ribbon rosette, or Cocarde in French, where the Hungarian Kokarda name comes from: the tricolour rosette badge (Kokarda) is featured on a specific day in the spring time, on March 15th, which is a major historical national holiday in Hungary.
The kokárda is a symbolic ribbon rosette worn by Hungarians, following the French revolutionary ‘cocarde’ badges. Locals wear the Kokarda on March 15th, to commemorate the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 against Habsburg rule. The rosette shaped miniature flag features the national colours of Hungary—red, white, and green—and is typically pinned to the chest.
Why is the Tricolour Rosette Badge Worn in Hungary?
Commemoration of the 1848 Revolution – Hungary vs Austria
The Tricolour Rosette Badge became a key symbol of Hungarian national pride and independence during the Revolution of 1848-49. It was first worn on March 15, 1848, when revolutionaries in Pest-Buda, the twin cities joined by the Danube and later renamed BudaPest, led by Sándor Petofi Hungarian poet and literary super star and other reformers, demanded constitutional freedoms and independence from Austrian rule. The Hungarian Revolution of 1848 was driven by Austria’s control over Hungary, with no self-governance, high taxes, and an outdated feudal system that kept peasants oppressed while nobles remained tax-exempt. Inspired by growing nationalism and the wave of European revolutions, Hungarians demanded civil rights, free press, and a constitutional government, as outlined in the 12 Points. Economic struggles, poor harvests, and industrial stagnation further fuelled discontent, leading to the uprising on March 15, 1848, as Hungarians sought independence and social reforms.
Symbol of National Identity and Patriotism
The colours represent the ideals of the Hungarian nation:
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- Red – Strength
- White – Faithfulness
- Green – Hope
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The Tricolour Rosette Badge / Kokárda is widely worn by Hungarians on March 15th, which is now a national holiday in Hungary when shops may be closed, but museums, many attractions, cafes, restaurants, baths will await the celebrating locals and tourists alike.
Historical Origin of Kokarda – Tricolour Rosette Badge, Hungary
It is believed that the tradition of wearing a tricolour ribbon rosette was inspired by the French Revolution’s cocarde reaching back to 1789). However, the Hungarian version follows a unique design, where the red is on the outermost ring, followed by white, and green in the centre of the badge. Beyond its historical roots, the kokárda has remained a strong national symbol amongst Hungarians. Schools, public offices, and many Hungarians wear it on March 15th to honour the struggle for freedom and independence.
Contemporary Waves of the March 15th Revolution
March 15 in Budapest is a deeply significant national holiday, commemorating the 1848 Revolution with a mix of historical reflection and contemporary political expression. Official ceremonies, often held at the National Museum and other key sites, feature government speeches that draw connections between Hungary’s past and present, emphasising themes of national pride, freedom, and sovereignty. Throughout the city, the Hungarian tricolour and kokárda are widely displayed, reinforcing the day’s symbolic importance. Different political sides interpret the revolution differently—some emphasise Hungary’s fight for independence (historically against Austria, now potentially framed against global influences), while others highlight its liberal democratic aspirations (freedom of the press, constitutionalism, civil rights).
Beyond the official events, the day also sees a variety of public gatherings, including those organised by civil groups and political parties, reflecting different interpretations of the revolution’s legacy. These events range from solemn commemorations to more vocal expressions of political viewpoints, illustrating Hungary’s diverse perspectives on governance and national identity. While the atmosphere is generally peaceful, the day highlights the country’s ongoing political discourse, with Budapest’s public squares and streets serving as a platform for both remembrance and debate.
For visitors, March 15 offers a unique glimpse into Hungary’s history and the ways it continues to shape national conversations today. The city is vibrant with commemorative programs, cultural events, and an air of civic engagement, making it an insightful time to experience Budapest. While political discussions are present, they unfold alongside the broader celebration of Hungarian heritage, allowing tourists to observe and appreciate this significant day with awareness and curiosity.
